NSEC3PARAM : NSEC3 parameters (RFC 5155)
Parameter record for use with NSEC3

SOA : start of authority record (RFC 1035)
Specifies authoritative information about a DNS zone, including the primary name server, the email of the domain administrator, the domain serial number, and several timers relating to refreshing the zone.

LOC : Location record (RFC 1876)
Specifies a geographical location associated with a domain name

AAAA : IPv6 address record (RFC 3596)
Returns a 128-bit IPv6 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host.

DS : Delegation signer (RFC 4034)
The record used to identify the DNSSEC signing key of a delegated zone

CERT : Certificate record (RFC 4398)
Stores PKIX, SPKI, PGP, etc.

TKEY : Transaction Key (RFC 2930)
One way of providing a key to be used with TSIG

NSEC : Next-Secure record (RFC 4034)
Part of DNSSEC—used to prove a name does not exist. Uses the same format as the (obsolete) NXT record.

TXT : Text record (RFC 1035)
Originally for arbitrary human-readable text in a DNS record. Since the early 1990s, however, this record more often carries machine-readable data, such as specified by RFC 1464, opportunistic encryption, Sender Policy Framework, DomainKeys, DNS-SD, etc.

A : address record (RFC 1035)
Returns a 32-bit IPv4 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host, but also used for DNSBLs, storing subnet masks in RFC 1101, etc.

SPF : SPF record (RFC 4408)
Specified as part of the SPF protocol, as an alternative to storing SPF data in TXT records. Uses the same format as the TXT record.

HIP : Host Identity Protocol (RFC 5205)
Method of separating the end-point identifier and locator roles of IP addresses.

CNAME : Canonical name record (RFC 1035)
Alias of one name to another: the DNS lookup will continue by retrying the lookup with the new name.

NAPTR : Naming Authority Pointer (RFC 3403)
Allows regular expression based rewriting of domain names which can then be used as URIs, further domain names to lookups, etc.

TSIG : Transaction Signature (RFC 2845)
Record that supports one set of security mechanisms for DNS. Used to secure communication between DNS resolvers and Name servers, in contrast to DNSSEC, which secures the actual DNS records from the authoritative name server.

SRV : Service locator (RFC 2782)
Generalized service location record, used for newer protocols instead of creating protocol-specific records such as MX.

AXFR : Full Zone Transfer (RFC 1035)
Transfer entire zone file from the master name server to secondary name servers.

IXFR : Incremental Zone Transfer (RFC 1995)
Requests a zone transfer of the given zone but only differences from a previous serial number. This request may be ignored and a full (AXFR) sent in response if the authoritative server is unable to fulfill the request due to configuration or lack of required deltas.